Who gets to spend time with the kids is at the center of custody and parenting time disputes. Moms are the biological parents of newborns, involvement on their part is only normal. Being a father is not something that comes automatically.
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A father cannot take part in parenting until paternity has been established. He still needs to prove that he has the legal right to be acknowledged as the child’s father. To establish paternity, or what is known as a DP case, a father must file a petition. A father has a role in custody decisions, parenting time, and child support. It becomes important only if paternity has been established.
What is the impact of fathers on children’s lives?
Research from Michigan State University showed that fathers influence their children’s development. The areas of child development include language and cognitive growth in infancy. These areas of development carry through social skills in fifth grade.
The study supports the premise that early childhood programs like Head Start should focus on the entire family. It includes the mother and father equally. The study offers some of the most solid evidence to date of the importance of dads to children’s outcomes. Two academic journals, Infant and Child Development, and Early Childhood Research Quarterly, both publish the findings online.
The researchers looked into how stress and mental health issues of parents. It looked into how parental issues like depression affect parents and their children. The researchers used information from 730 families who took part in a survey of Early Head Start programs. The survey was done at 17 locations around the country. Childhood development is impacted by parental stress and mental health difficulties. It is also affected by how parents interact with their children.
Even when the mothers’ contributions were taken into consideration, the study indicated that fathers’ stress can affect children. Fathers’ parenting-related stress negatively impacted their children’s cognitive and language development. The effect of the father’s stress was noticeable in children ages 2 and 3. Fathers’ parenting-related stress had a greater impact on boys’ language than on girls’ language, and this effect varied by gender.
Toddler behavior issues were influenced by both parents’ mental health and that of the fathers. The father’s mental health is a factor in the disparities in children’s social abilities. These social abilities are self-control and collaboration by the time they reached fifth grade. Fathers’ feelings of sadness apparently also have an effect on the toddler years. Our fathers’ feelings had a greater impact on children’s later social abilities than did mothers’ symptoms.
When fathers are actively involved, kids gain greatly in a variety of ways. Children’s advantages serve as the foundation for success. It starts at birth and continues into maturity. The Minnesota Fathers and Families Network’s research indicates some of these advantages include:
Social skills :
- Enhanced empathy
- Lesser gender stereotyping
- Increased self-esteem
- Enhanced self-control and less impulsivity
Problem-solving:
- Less hesitation and anxiety in unfamiliar circumstances
- Increased inquisitiveness
- Increase their exploration of surroundings
- Greater tolerance for tension and annoyance
Cognitive benefits:
- Increased math skill
- Higher levels of early reading and general verbal ability
- Improved completion rates and earnings
The Early Childhood Research quarterly published the results and conclusions of the study. Although these studies form a small but growing knowledge about the impact of fathers on the child’s social development, it suggests the impact of our father’s trait and our relationship with fathers. This is compared to the impact of the father’s mere presence in the child’s life or presence in the home.
What are the rights of fathers?
The Revocation of Paternity Act (Public Act 159 of 2012) acknowledges the biological father’s legal standing. It refers to the father establishing his paternity in the case of a child born during a marriage. Paternity can be established only when done within a year after the order of filiation’s date. You have to establish paternity within the first three years of the child. A provision in the Revocation of Paternity Act or RPA states an action may be brought as long as it is done within a year of the law’s passage. The latest date that can be used is June 12, 2013.
An alleged father may ask for an order of filiation. He can do so under the provisions of RPA to establish his paternity. Section 7 of the RPA provides that the father must provide strong, persuasive proof to establish paternity.
Married people are excused from having to establish paternity in court. The biological father is not legally recognized as a parent until he takes the necessary procedures to do so. Even more so if the child is the product of unmarried parents.
The RPA of Michigan is unique in one way. The RPA provides that if you are married to the woman who gave birth to the child then you are the child’s legal father. And when a couple is married at the time of childbirth, according to the RPA, only the father or mother may dispute paternity. The biological father is not entitled to do so under RPA.
An “Acknowledgement of Parentage” is proof to establish the paternity of the biological father. It must be signed by the mother. You need this document if the parents are not married. A man cannot be recognized as the child’s father legally without this document. This agreement is enforceable under the law. The document informs everyone that the man is the child’s biological father. It declares that this is what the mother and father both agreed upon.
How do we establish paternity?
The legal recognition of a man as the child’s father is known as paternity establishment. When you are married to the mother when your child is born, you are considered the legal father. If you are married to the mother and she became pregnant, you are by definition under the law, the legal father. Here you can refer to the legal father of the child as the mother’s husband.
There are three ways for unmarried parents to prove paternity:
[ a ] On one’s own initiative by signing an Affidavit of Parentage form. This suggests that they are fine with the child’s father being identified; or
[ b ] The court may be asked to assist in proving paternity by either parent or a prosecuting attorney. The biological father might fail to get a signed Acknowledgement of Parentage from the mother. In this case, the biological father will have to file a Notice of Intent to Claim Paternity. The child is protected from potential adoption by the paternity notice. It can be essential to submit this before the birth of the child. A court hearing and DNA paternity testing are typically required for this. DNA testing is also known as and used interchangeably with genetic testing.
Before bringing a paternity lawsuit before the Circuit Court, a father can decide to wait until the child is born. After the father files the paternity case, a court order may be issued. The court will order a DNA test and issue a summons to the mother, father, and minor child so they can attend the test.
[ c ] Adoption is another way to establish paternity.
A woman you have a relationship with is pregnant or with a child. You might feel inadequate. You could think that the mother of the child you have with someone else has complete control over your rights. Possible worries include not being able to visit or live with your child. The good news is that Michigan law recognizes your parental rights. The laws provide you the legal right to be acknowledged as the child’s father. You can ask or request custody or visitation rights under the law. You still have a say in how your child is to be raised.
How can fathers lose their parental rights?
There are two ways to lose your parental rights in Michigan, either voluntary or involuntary. You will most likely lose your parental rights involuntarily. Most parents will not willingly give up their parental rights.
Anyone can take action to end a father’s parental rights, breaking any relationship the father may have with the child. Decision-making authority over the child will no longer belong to the father. The child will no longer be allowed to visit or be informed of judicial proceedings.
Michigan allows for the voluntary or involuntary revocation of parental rights. When a father’s rights are removed without justification, it is known as involuntary termination. A father’s parental rights are terminated voluntarily when he decides to do so. Parental or guardian intervention may start an involuntary termination. Or it can even come from a government agency or representative.
Voluntary termination of parental rights.
When considering ending parental rights, you must determine the applicable jurisdiction. Juvenile courts have the ability to conduct termination proceedings. The county where the child resides is where the petition from the parents must be filed.
Fill out a form requesting the termination of parental rights. If the termination of rights is voluntary, the petition does not have to be drafted in legalese. Instead, it must be signed and express your desire to have your rights revoked. Give information on the child’s name, age, and current address. Give a justification for your desire to revoke your parental rights.
A copy of your petition should be provided to the court clerk. Pay the appropriate filing fee.
Serve the opposing parent with the required paperwork. Copies should be sent to the child and any assigned guardian. The clerk will then decide on a hearing date. If so, you may file the petition with the state agency that is currently in charge of the child.
Attend the hearing. You can be questioned by the judge about the reason for the termination of parental rights. Afterward, it will be decided if it is in the child’s best interests. The judge will issue an order terminating parental rights if the request is granted. Then your child could be adopted by someone else.
Involuntary termination of parental rights.
Gathering evidence is the first stage towards the involuntary termination of parental rights. assemble evidence to back up the father’s parental rights being terminated. There are a few justifications for involuntary termination, according to Michigan law. Prolonged separation from the child and ongoing abuse or neglect are two examples of causes. Or, the child hasn’t had financial support from either parent in more than two years. You will need written claims, clear evidence, and medical documents.
Prepare a petition requesting the revocation of parental authority. Making a legal pleading could be difficult for a layperson. For this, you can make use of an online document supplier. You can fill out blank petition forms that certain counties give. Ask the county clerk in the county where you are filing if such a form is available.
In the petition, list each of the grounds for dismissal. Include the name of the adopted parents if there are any. Include the child’s name, your current address, and where you last saw the father.
A copy of your petition should be provided to the juvenile court clerk. The petition for the termination of parental rights should be filed in or sent to the county where the child was born.
Serve the father a copy of the petition for termination of parental rights. The father should be given a chance to prevent the termination of his rights if he so chooses.
It is best to schedule a hearing first.
Participate in the hearing and present supporting evidence. You can offer documented proof that the father hasn’t spoken to the child. Prove his carelessness or abuse. Invite witnesses to the trial to discuss the father’s parenting failures. The hearing should be attended by any prospective adoptive parents. The adoptive parent can testify as a witness regarding their desire to adopt. The issue of whether to terminate parental rights is debated in court. The judge will weigh the evidence. then come to that conclusion. The court will issue an order ending the father’s parental rights.
Parental rights in Michigan cannot be reinstated once they have been terminated.
The modern father is battling with changing ideas of what it means to be a man. The “ideal father” of today is kinder and more child-focused, and we are realizing how important fathers are to a happy childhood. This concept is in conflict with Americans’ desire for material achievement, which is ironic.
Except for Japan, people of other industrialized countries work fewer hours than Americans do. The ability of moms and fathers to spend meaningful time with their children is being hampered as a result. Consumption has surpassed all other forms of recreation in America, which negatively affects the child by requiring both parents to put in longer hours to uphold a distinctively American way of life.
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